تأثیر معاهدات سرمایه‌گذاری دوجانبه بر جریانات ورودی سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی از کشورهای توسعه‌یافته به ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی گرایش اقتصاد مالی، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران (نویسندۀ مسئول)

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

10.22084/aes.2024.29017.3677

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر معاهدات سرمایه‌گذاری دوجانبه بر جریانات ورودی سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی از کشورهای توسعه‌یافته به ایران است. در این‌راستا، از دو رویکرد رایج در ادبیات سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی؛ یعنی مدل جاذبه و دانش-‌سرمایه به‌عنوان چارچوب تحلیلی تحقیق حاضر، و هم‌چنین روش حداکثر راستنمایی شبه پواسن در دورۀ زمانی 2002 تا 2020م. استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که هر دو مدل جاذبه و دانش-سرمایه توضیح قابل‌قبولی از جریانات ورودی سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی از کشورهای توسعه‌یافته به ایران ارائه می‌دهند. ضریب متغیر مربوط به وجود معاهدات سرمایه‌گذاری دوجانبه بین ایران و کشور مبدأ سرمایه، مثبت و معنا‌دار بوده و بیانگر این است که امضای معاهدۀ سرمایه‌گذاری دوجانبه سبب افزایش جذب سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی از کشور طرف معاهده به ایران می‌شود. تحریم‌های اعمال شده علیه ایران با کاهش جریانات ورودی سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی به کشور همراه بوده است. درنهایت نتایج حاکی از آن است که سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی کشورهای توسعه‌یافته در ایران بیشتر از نوع سرمایه‌گذاری افقی است تا عمودی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Bilateral Investment Treaties on Foreign Investment Inflows of Development Countries into Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Naeini 1
  • Davood Jafari Seresht 2
  • Saeid Eisazadeh 3
1 PhD Candidate of Financial Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran (Corresponding Author)
3 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aims at investigating the impact of bilateral investment treaties on foreign investment inflows into Iran from developed source countries. To achieve this purpose, the two common approach in foreign investment literature, that is, the gravity and knowledge-capital model has been used as the analytical framework of the study, as well as the pseudo-Poisson maximum likelihood method for the years 2002-2020. The results show that both gravity and knowledge-capital models provide an acceptable explanation of foreign investment inflows into Iran from developed countries. Except of Iran's real GDP, the main variables of the gravity model, that is, the geographical distance and real GDP of developed source countries are statistically significant and have the expected signs. All the main variables of the knowledge-capital model, including the difference between gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education of developed source countries and Iran (with a negative coefficient), sum of real GDP of developed source countries and Iran (with a positive coefficient) as well as Interaction of the difference between gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education of developed source countries and Iran and difference between real GDP of developed source countries and Iran (with a positive coefficient) are statistically significant and indicate that the foreign investment of developed countries in Iran is more horizontal than vertical. There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between bilateral investment treaties and foreign investment inflows into Iran from developed source countries in both gravity and knowledge-capital models. Finally, the sanctions imposed against Iran have reduced foreign investment inflows into the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bilateral Investment Treaties
  • Foreign Investment
  • Gravity Model
  • Knowledge- Capital Model

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