نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، موسسه پژوهشهای برنامهریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Food security depends on achieving and maintaining a healthy and balanced diet for all citizens; In Iran, due to the specific political and economic conditions, the issue of food security and healthy nutrition is of particular importance. This issue is not only because of the close relationship between food security and different dimensions of development, but also because of the dangers that food insecurity entails. Food insecurity can overshadow vital values and even challenge the national security of countries. Therefore, in the effort to improve food security, it is necessary for the policy maker to manage this issue with a conscious approach and a systematic method. In this regard, knowing the current state of food consumption and its determinants is not only a necessary condition for preparing future programs, but it is necessary to continue this work with the aim of monitoring and evaluating the results of implemented programs and actions.With this approach, the present study investigated the pattern of food consumption and the factors affecting it in the urban areas of Iran in 2022. To attain these objectives, the cost-income data from the Iranian Statistics Center was utilized. Additionally, the nutritional performance matrix was employed, along with the classification system provided by the Iranian Statistics Center. This allowed for the extraction of consumption items within ten classification groups from household food expenses. Furthermore, the content and calorie distribution of the nutritional basket among urban households were determined for the target groups. Furthermore, to better comprehension regarding the food consumption in urban regions across the provinces of the country and to pinpoint provinces exhibiting comparable behavioral patterns, the K-means clustering technique was employed. Subsequently, an map illustrating the food consumption patterns in urban areas of Iran was designed. Finally, by using the matching method, factors affecting food consumption in urban areas of Iran were identified. According to the results, the current food pattern of households in the urban areas of Iran mainly includes all kinds of cereals and this product group provides nearly 58% of the daily energy requirement. Meanwhile, the share of foods with high nutritional value, such as red meat and poultry, milk, cheese and eggs, fish and shellfish, and fruit and nuts are only 6.5, 5.6, 0.4 and 4.7 percent, respectively. According to the clustering results, a grand total of five distinct behavioral patterns were detected. Examining the patterns shows that the pattern of food consumption in the urban areas of different provinces of the country is heterogeneous and while having a lot of diversity, it has little relationship with the geographical location of the provinces. For example, the provinces located in the second cluster, including the provinces of South Khorasan, Ilam and Semnan, are located in the east, west and north of the country, respectively, and do not have a common border with each other geographically. Finally, based on the results of the matching method the factors that explain the difference in food consumption between the province include the size of the household, the age of the head of the household, the literacy level of the head of the household, the employment status of the head of the household, the average daily income of the household, the average daily subsidy received by the household, and the food variety.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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