ارائه الگوی توسعۀ صادرات در صنایع پتروشیمی خلیج‌فارس با رویکرد مبتنی‌بر سیستم لجستیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت سیاست‌گذاری بازرگانی، دانشگاه تهران، پردیس کیش، کیش، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اخیراً، سیستم لجستیک به‌طور فزاینده‌ای به‌عنوان یکی از نیروهای محرکه اصلی رشد اقتصادی شناخته شده‌ است. صنعت پتروشیمی یکی از صنایع استراتژیک محسوب میگردد و تحولات این صنعت می‌تواند بر اقتصاد جهانی و کشورهای مطرح در این صنعت تأثیرات زیادی داشته باشد. هدف این پژوهش ارائه الگوی توسعۀ صادرات در صنایع پتروشیمی خلیج‌فارس با رویکرد مبتنی‌بر سیستم لجستیک  با استفاده از تئوری داده بنیاد براساس روش استراوس و کوربین جهت مدیریت آن است. جامعۀ آماری شامل 10 مصاحبه با افراد متخصص و صاحب‌نظر در قسمت‌های مدیریت بازرگانی پتروشیمی خلیج‌فارس و همین‌طور اساتید برجستۀ دانشگاهی و صاحب‌نظر در این زمینه به‌عنوان مشارکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش انتخاب شدند که مصاحبه‌ها با استفاده از روش هدفمند تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری انجام شدند. داده‌ها به طریق مصاحبه و با روش هدایت کلیات و به‌صورت ساختار نیافته گردآوری شدند. برای به‌دست آوردن اعتبار و روایی داده‌ها از دو روش بازبینی مشارکت‌کنندگان و همچنین مرور خبرگان غیرشرکت‌کننده در پژوهش استفاده شد. پایایی مدل با استفاده از شاخص کاپا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. مقدار شاخص کاپا برابر با 63/0 محاسبه و در سطح توافق معتبر قرار گرفت. با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Maxqda به بررسی مصاحبه‌ها و کدگذاری پرداخته شد. در این پژوهش در بخش کدگذاری باز تعداد 76 کد باز ازمیان 495 مفهوم؛ در بخش کدگذاری محوری، 76 کد اولیه در قالب 10 مقوله: شامل بازار صادارتی، بازاریابی بین‌المللی، پتانسیل‌های صادراتی، چالش‌های صادراتی، رقابت در بازار، عوامل‌سازمانی، عوامل‌کلان، فروش‌صادراتی، لجستیک‌ صادراتی، ویژگی محصول صادراتی شناسایی گردید.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Providing an Export Development Model in the Persian Gulf Petrochemical Industry with a Logistics System-Based Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Heidari 1
  • Ezatollah Abbasian 2
  • Mohsen Ebrahimi 3
1 PhD student of Business Policy Management, University of Tehran, Kish Campus, Kish, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Management, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract: Recently, logistics system has increasingly been recognized as one of the main driving forces of economic growth. Petrochemical industry is considered one of the strategic industries and the developments of this industry can have a great impact on the global economy and the countries in this industry. The purpose of this study is to provide an export development model in the Persian Gulf petrochemical industry with a logistics system-based approach using Grounded theory based on Strauss and Corbin method to manage it. The statistical population consisted of 10 interviews with individual experts in the sections of Persian Gulf Petrochemical Business Management, as well as prominent academic professors and experts in this field were selected as participants in the study. The interviews were conducted using the targeted method. Data were collected through interview using the general guidance method in an unstructured manner. Two methods of reviewing the participants as well as reviewing the non-participating experts were used to obtain the validity of the data. The reliability of the model was evaluated using the kappa index. The value of Kappa index was calculated to be 0.63 and was at the level of valid agreement. Interviews and coding were examined using MAXQDA software. In this research, in the open coding section, 76 open codes out of 495 concepts; In the central coding section, 76 initial codes were identified in 10 categories including export market, international marketing, export potentials, export challenges, market competition, organizational factors, macro factors, export sales, export logistics, export product characteristics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Export
  • Logistics
  • Export Marketing
  • Supply Chain

مراجع

- حسنقلی پور، طهمورث؛ متوسلی، محمود؛ محمدی، شاپور؛ و حسینی، فرشید، (۱۳۸۹). «تأثیر برنامه‌های تشویق صادرات بر عملکرد صادراتی: مطالعه‌ی موردی صنعت برق»، مدیریت بازرگانی، 2 (۵): (DOI: 20.1001.1.20085907.1389.2.2.1.5).
- دانایی‌فرد، حسن؛ و امامی، سید مجتبی، (۱۳۹۴). «استراتژی‌های پژوهش کیفی: تأملی بر نظریه‌پردازی داده‌بنیاد». اندیشه مدیریت، 1 (2): ۶۹ - ۷۶ (DOI: 20120325151825-1040-10)
- دانایی‌فرد، حسن؛ و اسلامی، آذر، (۱۳۹۰). ساخت نظریه بیتفاوتی سازمانی: کاربرد استراتژی پژوهشی نظریه داده‌بنیاد در عمل، تهران، دانشگاه امام صادق، چاپ اول.
- ساعی ارسی، ایرج. (۱۳۹۱). روش تحقیق پیمایشی. فایل ارائه. نشانی: www.danaeemehvar.com.
- عبدی، سعید؛ مصطفوی نیشابوری، فهیمه سادات؛ و سلیمانی، یاسر، (۱۳۹۶). «مقاومسازی صادرات صنعت پتروشیمی با استفاده از مدل اولویت بندی چند شاخصه Topsis». پنجمین کنفرانس بین‌المللی نفت،گاز، پالایش وپتروشیمی بارویکردتوسعه ارتباط دولت، دانشگاه وصنعت، شیراز، مؤسسه مدیران خبره نارون.
- کرسول، جان، (۱۳۹۱). پویش کیفی و طرح پژوهش: انتخاب از میان پنج رویکرد (روایت پژوهی، پدیدارشناسی، نظریه داده بنیاد، قوم‌نگاری، مطالعه موردی). ترجمه حسن دانایی‌فرد، حسین کاظمی. انتشارات صفار. ویرایش دوم. تهران. ۳۲۰ صفحه
- محمدپور، احمد، (۱۳۹۲). تجربه نوسازی (مطالعه تغییر و توسعه در هورامان با روش نظریه زمینه‌ای). تهران: انتشارات جامعه‌شناسان.
- مهرمحمدی، علی، (۱۳۹۰). «الگویی برای بهره گیری از روش نظریه برخاسته از داده‌ها در پژوهش‌های تربیتی». مطالعات برنامه درسی ایران، 6(23): 8-35.
 
- Abdi. S.; Mustafavi Nishaburi, F. S. & Soleimani. Y., (2016). “Strengthening the exports of the petrochemical industry using the Topsis multi-indicator prioritization model”. The 5th International Conference on Oil, Gas, Refining and Petrochemicals, Development of Government-University-Industry Relations, Shiraz, Naron Institute of Certified Managers. https://civilica.com/doc/649654 (In Persian).
-  Schauer, D. A., (1989). “Is public expenditure productive?”. Journal of Monetary Economics, 23(2): 177–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(89)90047-0
- Banerjee, A.; Duflo, E. & Qian, N., (2012). “On the road: Access to transportation infrastructure and economic growth in China”. National Bureau of Economic Research. Inc NBER Working Papers 17897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102442
 - Bensassi, S.; Laura, M.; Inmaculada, M. & Celestino, S., (2015). “Relationship between logistics infrastructure and trade: Evidence from Spanish regional exports”. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 72: 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.11.007
- Bernhofen, D. M.; El-Sahli, Z. & Kneller, R., (2013). “Estimating the effects of the container revolution on internatonal trade”. Paper Presented in the X Jornadas sobre Integración Económica: 28–29. Universitat Jaume. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2015.09.001
- Beysenbaev, R. & Dus, Y., (2020). “Proposals for improving the Logistics Performance Index”. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 36 (1): 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.10.001
- Cavusgil Uner, M. M.; Kocak. A. E. & Cavusgil. S. T., (2013). “Do barriers to export vary for born globals and across stages of internationalization? An empirical inquiry in the emerging market of Turkey”. International Business Review. 22: 800-813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2012.12.005
 - Clark, X. & Dollar, D., (2004). “Micco Port efficiency. maritime transport costs. and bilateral trade”. J. Dev. Econ. 75 (2): 417-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2004.06.005
- Coca-Castaño, P.; Márquez-Ramos, L. & Martínez-Zarzoso. I., (2005). “Infraestructuras. costos de transporte y flujos de comercio”. Rev. Anál. Econ., 20 (1): 3–22. https://www.rae-ear.org/index.php/rae/article/view/43
- Creswell, J., (2014). “Qualitative research and research design: choosing among five approaches (narrative research, phenomenology, foundational data theory, ethnography, case study)”. Translated by: Hassan Danaeifard, Hossein Kazemi. Safar Publications. second edition. Tehran. 320 pages. https://www.gisoom.com/book/11579514/ (In Persian).
- Creswell, J. W., (2003). Research designs: Qualitative. quantitative. and mixed methods approach. 2nded, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. https://www.proquest.com/openview/49675b6a0b51b40d2fbee8d426c3c9ba/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=32387
- Creswell. J. W. & Miller. D. L., (2000). “Determining validity in qualitative inquiry”. Theory into practice, 39(3): 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip3903_2
 - Creswell, J. W., (2007). Research Design: Qualitative. Quantitative. and Mixed Methods Approaches. http://www.ceil-conicet.gov.ar/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Creswell-Cap-10.pdf
- Danaifard, H. & Emami, S. M., (2014). “Qualitative research strategies: a reflection on data base theorizing”. Management Thought, 1(2): 69-76. (DOI: 20120325151825-1040-10). (In Persian).
- Danaifred, H. & Islamic, A., (2019). Constructing Organizational Difference Theory: Application of Database Theory Research Strategy in Practice. Tehran: Imam Sadegh University, first edition. https://www.gisoom.com/book/1764677/ (In Persian).
- Di Fatta, D., Navneet, G.; Lokinder Kumar, T. & Thomas, G., (2018). “Export knowledge: Determinant of export strategy”. export commitment and export performance in carpet industry. Kybernetes. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-05-2018-0245
- Fernald. J., (1999). “Assessing the link between pubic capital and productivity”. American Economic Review, 89(3): 619–638. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.89.3.619
- Foon, Ch. & Abosedrab, S., )2019). “Logistics performance. exports. and growth: Evidence from Asian economies”. Research in Transportation Economics, 78: 100743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2019.100743
 - Gani, A., (2017). “The Logistics Performance Effect in International Trade”. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 33 (4): 279-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.12.012
 - Glaser, B., (1992). Basics of grounded theory analysis: emergence vs. forcing, Sociology Press, Mill Valley. CA. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130000797903931008
- Goetz, A. R., (2011). “The global economic crisis. investment in transport infrastructure. and economic development”. In: K. Button. & A. Reggiani (Eds.). Transportation and economic development challenges (pp. 41–71). Cheltenham. UK: Edward Elgar Publishers. https://worldbusinesschicago.com/business-development-foreign-direct-investment/?gclid=CjwKCAjwt52mBhB5EiwA05YKo5zQ-fnDmwDIFRSOnvfBqlKEu2BFFBYxQRUvp9d35PTc8opA8GNq3BoCk_4QAvD_BwE
- Goulding, C., (2002). Grounded theory: A practical guide for management. business andmarket researchers, London: Sage. https://doi.org/10.7748/nr.11.1.81.s11
 - Griffith, D. & Czinkota, M., (2012). “Release the constraints: Solving the problems of export financing in troublesome times”. Business Horizons, 55: 3. 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2012.01.003
- Gripsrud, G., (1990). “The Determinants of Export Decisions and Attitudes to a Distant Market: Norwegian Fishery Exports to Japan”. J Int Bus Stud, 21: 469–485. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490829
 - Hao Wei Zhao, Ch., (2012). “The comparative advantage of Chinese manufactured exports”. Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies, 5 (2): 107 – 126. https://doi.org/10.1108/17544401211233507
- Hasanqolipour, T.; Metousli, M.; Mohammadi, Sh. & Hosseini, F., (2008). “The Impact of Export Promotion Programs on Export Performance: A Case Study of the Electricity Industry”. Business Management, 2 (5): (DOI: 20.1001.1.20085907.1389.2.2.1.5). (In Persian).
- Havenga. J. H. & Simpson. Z. P. (2018). “‘Freight logistics’ contribution to sustainability: Systemic measurement facilitates behavioural change’”. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 58: 320–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.08.035
- Hu, K.; Gan. X. & Gao, K., (2012). “Co-integration model of logistics infrastructure investment and regional economic growth in central China”. Physics Procedia. 33: 1036–1041. https://doi.org/10.1061/41139(387)173
- Kent, J. L. & Flint, J R. D. J., (1997). “Perspectives on the evolution of logistics thought”. Journal of Business Logistics, 18: 15-29. https://www.proquest.com/openview/db7ece2c0bce62c2e1fc6e090ea01d68/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=36584
- Kabaka, Ö.; Füsun, Ü. & Şule Önsel, E., (2015). “Connecting logistics performance to export: A scenario-based approach”. Received 5 January 2018; Received in revised form 22 May 2018; Accepted 22 May 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2018.05.007
- Kabiri, F. M., (2013). “Entrepreneurial Orientations and Export Performance in SMEs (Case Study of Fruits and Vegetables SMEs in Iran)”. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20143088469
- Lorentz, H.; T€oyli, J; Solakivi, T. & Ojala, L., (2015). “The effect of low-cost country sourcing on supply chain administration cost”. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 18 (1): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2014.916256
- Lu, W., (2016). “An Exploration of the Associations among Corporate Sustainability Performance. Corporate Governance. and Corporate Financial Performance”. Ph.D. Thesis in Philosophy. University of Texas. Available at: https://rc.library.uta.edu/%20uta%20ir/bitstream/handle/10106/25557/Lu_uta_2502D_12405.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y[Online]%20[26%20October%202018].
 - Maparu. T. S. & Mazumder, T. N., (2017). “Transport infrastructure. economic development and urbanization in India (1990–2011): Is there any causal relationship?”. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 100: 319–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.04.033
-  Marchet, G., Melacini, M.; Perotti, S. & Tappia, E., (2016). “Shaping the international logistics strategy in the internationalisation process”. Int. J. Supply Chain and Operations Resilience, 2 (1): https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSCOR.2016.075914
 - Martincus, Ch. V. & Carballo, J., (2010). “Beyond the average effects: The distributional impacts of export promotion programs in developing countries”. Journal of Development Economics, 92(2): 201-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.02.007
- Mehmet, H. & Köksal, E. Ö., (2010). “The export competitive advantages of Turkish manufacturing companies”. Marketing Intelligence & Planning. 28 (2): 206 – 222. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634501011029691
 - Mehrmohammadi, A., (2019). “A model for using the data-derived theory method in educational researches”. Iranian Curriculum Studies Quarterly, 6, (23): 8-35. https://search.ricest.ac.ir/dl/search/defaultta.aspx?DTC=8&DC=1114445 (In Persian).
- Micco, A. & Serebrisky, T., (2004). “Infrastructure. competition regimes. and air transport costs: cross-country evidence”. Policy Research Working Paper Series, 3355. World Bank. Washington. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3355
- Mohammadpour, A., (2013). Renovation experience (the study of change and development in Huraman with grounded theory method). Tehran: Publications of sociologists. https://www.gisoom.com/book/1934177/ (In Persian).
- Mohmand. Y.; Wang. A. & Saeed, A., (2017). “The impact of transportation infrastructure on economic growth: Empirical evidence from Pakistan”. Transportation Letters, 9(2): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/19427867.2016.1165463
- Öner, S., (2013). “Translator as Researcher: Perspectives on Training and Life-long Professional Improvement of Translators”. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106: 3159-3166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.365
- Oura, M.; Zilber, S. & Lopes, E., (2016). “Innovation capacity. international experience and export performance of SMEs in Brazil”. International Business Review, 25 (4): 921-932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2015.12.002
 - Pinho, J. & Maria, M., (2010). “Exporting barriers: Insights from Portuguese small- and medium-sized exporters and non-exporters”. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 8(3): 254-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-010-0046-x
- Quaye, D. M.; Sekyere, K. N. & Acheampong, G., (2017). “Export promotion programmes and export performance: a study of selected SMEs in the manufacturing sector of Ghana”. Review of International Business and Strategy. https://doi.org/10.1108/RIBS-03-2017-0021 
- Rutner, S. M.; Aviles, M. & Cox, S., (2012).  “Logistics evolution: a comparison of military and commercial logistics”. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 23: 96-118. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574091211226948
- Sa'i Ersi, A., (2014). Survey research method. Presentation file. Address: www.danaeemehvar.com. (In Persian).
 - Saunders. M.; Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A., (2009). “Research Methods for Business Students”. Research methods for business students (p. 649). https://www.scirp.org/(S(czeh2tfqw2orz553k1w0r45))/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=2907709
 - Setnikar Cankar, S.; Seljak, J. & Petkov_sek, V., (2014). “Factors that influence cross-border cooperation between businesses in the Alps–Adriatic region”. Economic Research - Ekonomska Istra_zivanja. 27 (1): 304-319. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2014.952091
- Strauss. A. & Corbin. J., (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. 2nded. Sage Publications. Thousand Oaks. CA. USA. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452230153
- Sudarevic, T., Predrag, R. & Jasmina, L., (2015). “The standardization/adaptation dilemma in agri-food exporters marketing strategies”. British Food Journal. 117 (11): https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-02-2015-0075
- Töngür Ünal, KemalTürkcanaSedaEkmen-Özçelik. (2020). “Logistics performance and export variety: Evidence from Turkey”. Central Bank Review, 20 (3): 143-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbrev.2020.04.002
- Wilson, J. S.; Mann, C. L. & Otsuki, T., (2005). “Assessing the benefits of trade facilitation: a global perspective”. World Econ. 28 (6): 841–871. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00709.x
- World Bank, (2018). Doing business 2018: reforming to create jobs. A World Bank Group Flagship Report. Available at: http://www.doingbusiness.org/content/dam/doingBusiness/media/Annual-%20Reports/English/DB2018-Full-Report.pdf%20(accessed%2020%20July%202018)
- World Shipping Council, (2018). Top 50 world container ports. (Accessed2 January 2018). http://www.worldshipping.org/about-the-industry/global-trade/top-50-world-container-portsYildirim
فصلنامه مطالعات اقتصادی کاربردی ایران
دوره 12، شماره 46
مرداد 1402
صفحه 91-116

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار