Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1
Associate Professor of Economics of natural resources and environment, Faculty of agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2
PhD student of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural economics department, Faculty of agricultural economics and development, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
PhD of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural economics department, Faculty of agricultural economics and development, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
10.22084/aes.2025.30101.3738
Abstract
Dates, as one of the strategic products, have taken a significant share of Iran's agricultural exports. However, despite the country's privileged position in the field of date production and export, in recent years, Iran's market share in the global export of this product has decreased. That meanwhile, identifying the factors affecting the export of such products and accelerating its export can play a significant role in reducing dependence on oil revenues and increasing economic diversity. Therefore, in the current study, the factors affecting Iran's date exports were investigated with emphasis on the market structure of Iran's trading partners using the gravity model approach and the maximum likelihood method similar to Poisson and the data of 20 trading partners of Iran in the period of 2003-2021. The results of examining the structure of Iran's date export market and the market structure of countries importing this product from Iran showed that during the studied period, the structure of Iran's date export market has taken a step towards becoming more competitive. Based on the results of the gravity model, Based on the results of the gravity model, the gross domestic product of trading partners, bordering with the trading partner, having a common religion (the trading partner being Muslim) have a positive and significant effect on the export of Iranian dates And Iran's economic difference with its trading partners, the presence of a strong competitor in the target market, international and European Union sanctions have had a negative and significant effect on Iran's date exports. According to the results obtained, The variable of the import market structure of Iran's date trading partners has not had a significant effect on the export of this product. These results indicate that in the studied period, the market structure index was not an effective factor on the changes in Iran's date exports. In other words, other than the components specified in this study (income of Iran and partners, sanctions, presence of competitors and common characteristics between partners), Iran's date export may depend on other factors such as product diversity, trade policies, economic stability, reliability of trade relations, quality and branding and domestic policies of partners
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