Examining the Pattern of Food Consumption and its Influencing Factors in Urban Areas of Iran

Shabanzadeh-Khoshrody, Mehdi; Javdan, Ebrahim; Heydari, Reza

doi:10.22084/aes.2024.29340.3694

Examining the Pattern of Food Consumption and its Influencing Factors in Urban Areas of Iran

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

¹ Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Planning, Economics and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).

² Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Planning, Economics and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), Tehran, Iran

10.22084/aes.2024.29340.3694

Abstract

Food insecurity can overshadow vital values and even challenge the national security of countries. Therefore, in the effort to improve food security, it is necessary for the policy maker to manage this issue with a conscious approach and a systematic method. In this regard, knowing the current state of food consumption and its determinants is not only a necessary condition for preparing future programs, but it is necessary to continue this work with the aim of monitoring and evaluating the results of implemented programs and actions. With this approach, the present study investigated the pattern of food consumption and the factors affecting it in the urban areas of Iran in 2022. To attain these objectives, the cost-income data from the Iranian Statistics Center was utilized. Additionally, the nutritional performance matrix was employed, along with the classification system provided by the Iranian Statistics Center. To better comprehension regarding the food consumption in urban regions across the provinces of the country and to pinpoint provinces exhibiting comparable behavioral patterns, the K-means clustering technique was employed. Subsequently, a map illustrating the food consumption patterns in urban areas of Iran was designed. Finally, by using the matching method, factors affecting food consumption in urban areas of Iran were identified. According to the results, the current food pattern of households in the urban areas of Iran mainly includes all kinds of cereals and this product group provides nearly 58% of the daily energy requirement. According to the clustering results, a grand total of five distinct behavioral patterns were detected. Examining the patterns shows that the pattern of food consumption in the urban areas of different provinces of the country is heterogeneous and while having a lot of diversity, it has little relationship with the geographical location of the provinces. Finally, based on the results of the matching method the factors that explain the difference in food consumption between the province include the size of the household, the age of the head of the household, the literacy level of the head of the household, the employment status of the head of the household, the average daily income of the household, the average daily subsidy received by the household, and the food variety.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Economic

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